Output shows horizontal banding, vertical streaks, or smudges. On inkjets it points to nozzle or alignment issues; on lasers, to the drum, fuser or toner.
Work through these in order; most people are fixed by the first two or three.
Run head cleaning, then print-head alignment. Repeating lines at the same spot usually means a clogged nozzle row.
Evenly spaced repeating marks suggest a drum issue. Gently rock the toner to redistribute it; replace the drum/toner if marks persist.
If only copies/scans show lines, wipe the glass and the narrow ADF scan strip.
Rough or damp paper causes streaks — use fresh, supported media.
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