Run a nozzle check and cleaning (inkjet)
Clogged black nozzles are the number-one cause. Print the nozzle-check pattern from the printer or its app; if the black block is broken or missing, run a head cleaning, wait 15–30 minutes, and repeat once. Avoid running cleaning over and over — it wastes alot of ink. If two or three cycles don't help, the print head may need a soak.
Check pigment vs dye black
Many Canon and HP models have two blacks: a pigment black for plain paper text and a dye/photo black for images. If text is missing but photos look fine, the pigment black is clogged or empty — clean or replace that specific cartridge.
Confirm settings aren't fighting you
- Make sure Grayscale/"Print in black only" is set the way you expect.
- Turn off Draft/Eco mode if text is too faint.
- Match the paper-type setting to your actual paper.
For laser printers
Remove the toner and gently rock it side to side to redistribute the powder, then reinstall. Confirm you removed the protective seal on a new cartridge. If pages are faint, disable Toner Save and raise the density.